Throughout human history, society has reinvented itself and adapted to the challenges of the world. Currently, we face challenges of unprecedented scale and complexity, such as our ongoing dependence on fossil fuels, continuous greenhouse gas emissions, a global energy crisis, and the resulting conflicts. These issues have brought the planet to a critical point. Despite considerable advances in renewable energy over the last decade, from solar to wind power, the pressing question remains whether these resources are enough to solve our planet’s energy problems.
The challenges ahead might appear overwhelming. Yet, reflecting on human history, we remember that such scenarios have never prevented us from progressing. Our relentless pursuit of knowledge and understanding has consistently motivated us to find new and more effective solutions to the greatest challenges. This commitment helps us not only overcome the challenges that lie ahead, but also bolsters our confidence in our abilities and fosters a sense of achievement.
The Visionary Billionaire Leader: Holger Thorsten Schubart
In an era of transformative change and pervasive uncertainty, a towering figure has emerged on the global stage, embodying vision and resilience that herald a sustainable future as a tangible reality. This man is Holger Thorsten Schubart, a multi-billionaire innovator whose pioneering technology, Neutrinovoltaics, is set to revolutionize energy generation. Born on April 10, 1965, in Heidenheim, Germany, Schubart has charted an extraordinary path marked by achievements in mathematics, entrepreneurship, and philanthropy. Since establishing his first company in 1990, he has been unwavering in his commitment to advancing the world’s technical capabilities. Today, as the driving force behind the Neutrino Energy Group, Schubart is singularly focused on leveraging his considerable resources and intellect to harness the boundless kinetic energy of neutrinos and other invisible radiations, fundamentally changing our approach to energy consumption and sustainability.
Schubart’s exploration of neutrino-based energy technology began in 2014. His lifelong interest in alternative energy sources and insatiable thirst for knowledge led him to propose at the Federal Press Ball that neutrinos and other invisible radiation could fundamentally change our understanding of renewable energy. His idea, initially met with skepticism, gained credibility in 2015 when esteemed energy physicists Arthur B. McDonald and Takaaki Kajita made a groundbreaking discovery that neutrinos have mass. This finding confirmed the universal principle E=mc^2, stating that all mass contains energy, and paved the way for the general application of Neutrinovoltaic technology.
Neutrinovoltaic Technology and the Neutrino Energy Group
Since that moment, the Neutrino Energy Group, led by Holger Thorsten Schubart, has focused its efforts on developing this revolutionary technology. The group consists of an international team of energy experts, entrepreneurs, and engineers from Germany, the United States, and other countries around the world. Together, they are working to bring the first Neutrino Power Cubes, fuel-free power generators with a net output of 5-6 kw to market, representing a breakthrough based in Neutrinovoltaic technology.
The technical details you should know about
Neutrinovoltaic technology is a technology for converting the thermal (Brownian) motion of graphene atoms and the energy of the surrounding fields of invisible radiation, including neutrinos, into electric current using a multilayer graphene-based nanomaterial. The first patent applications were filed in 2013, and the invention is now protected by international patent WO2016142056A1.
Structurally, the nanomaterial consists of alternating layers of graphene and doped silicon, with each graphene layer sandwiched between 2 silicon layers (Fig. 1). The first layer of graphene is deposited on a metallic support, usually aluminium. The number of graphene-silicon layers is 12 to 20, optimally 12 layers. The nanomaterial is applied to one side of the metallic carrier, making the side with the nanomaterial the positive pole and the uncoated side the negative pole. Such a current generation plate with a size of 200×300 mm has a voltage of approx. 1.5 V and a current of approx. 2 A under normal conditions 20 °C.
Graphene Properties and Electron Conductivity
Graphene, a 2D material, can only exist stably in a three-dimensional coordinate system. Viewing the graphene layer through a high-resolution microscope reveals the presence of wave-like oscillations on the sea surface (Fig. 2). when neighbouring areas switch between concave and convex curvature. The stronger the influence of energy and thermal fields, the stronger the oscillations of the graphene atomsand thus the frequency and amplitude of the oscillations of “graphene waves”. Theoretical studies provide an explanation that the source of this process is the electron-phonon bond, as it suppresses the rigidity of long-wave bending and amplifies extraplanar fluctuations.
The presence of ‘graphene waves’ enables the generation of electric current, with their amplitude and frequency dependent on the quality of graphene deposition. Optimal characteristics are achieved with a single layer of graphene, while the superposition of multiple layers due to improper deposition reduces the amplitude and frequency of the ‘graphene wave.’ Independent confirmation of these findings comes from Professor Vanessa Wood and her colleagues at ETH Zurich, who demonstrated that when materials smaller than 10-20 nanometers are produced, the substantial vibrations of outer atomic layers on nanoparticle surfaces significantly influence the behavior of the material. These atomic vibrations, known as ‘phonons,’ are responsible for electrical charge and heat transfer in materials (Figure 3).
Neutrinovoltaic Mechanism and Multilayer Nanomaterial
Complying with graphene deposition technology is crucial for achieving large graphene sheets, especially those exceeding 100 x 100 mm. Graphene exhibits an exceptionally high electric current density (a million times higher than copper) and exceptional charge carrier mobility. Each carbon atom in graphene forms bonds with three neighboring carbon atoms, resulting in a two-dimensional plane where one electron is available for electron conductivity in the third dimension. Professor Thibado from the University of Arkansas highlighted in an interview with Research Frontiers that this unique property enables the utilization of 2D materials as an unlimited energy source. By inducing ripples through tandem vibrations in the graphene layer, advanced nanotechnology allows for energy extraction from the surrounding space.
Graphene films exhibit exceptional strength and elasticity. With its high thermal and electrical conductivity, graphene allows the passage of electric currents significantly surpassing those in copper films. At elevated temperatures, electrons transition to the conduction band while leaving “holes” in the valence band, resulting in graphene’s substantial electrical conductivity at room temperature. Conduction electrons and holes in graphene possess no effective mass and constantly move at a relativistic “Fermi velocity” of approximately 106 m/s. This remarkable mobility of charge carriers in graphene is at least two orders of magnitude greater than in silicon, enabling their ballistic movement across the layer. Even at room temperature, conduction electrons and holes in graphene can travel over 1 μm before scattering.
Resonant harmonic oscillations of ‘graphene waves’ convert the thermal motion of graphene atoms, along with energy from radiation fields of the invisible spectrum and the kinetic energy of neutral neutrinos, into electric current. Unlike conventional electric generators, Neutrinovoltaic technology utilizes the micro-vibration of graphene instead of rotating coils to generate an electromotive force (EMF). This EMF drives electrons to flow in one direction, creating an electric current. By incorporating alloying elements to form p-n junctions, thin film diode effects allow current flow in a single direction. The multilayered nanomaterial overcomes energy limitations of a single graphene layer, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Neutrino Interactions and Future Prospects
In 2019, scientists at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) achieved a breakthrough in determining the mass of neutrinos. Neutrinos were found to be approximately 500,000 times lighter than an electron, with a mass of around 1.1 electron volts. The COHERENT collaboration at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA) provided insights into the mechanism of neutrino interaction with matter, specifically with argon nuclei. This interaction, known as coherent elastic neutrino nuclear scattering (CEvNS), involves low-energy neutrinos weakly interacting with the heavy nuclei of atoms. The analogy of a tennis ball hitting a bowling ball illustrates how neutrinos transfer a minute amount of energy to the nucleus, resulting in an almost imperceptible bounce (Fig. 4).
Neutrinos interact similarly with graphene as they do with argon, but the effect on graphene’s nuclei is more pronounced. Higher kinetic energy of neutrinos amplifies their interaction with graphene nuclei, resulting in stronger atom oscillations. The tiny size of graphene’s nucleus means only a fraction of massive neutrinos can induce oscillations. Even a small percentage of the immense neutrino flux passing through Earth’s surface contributes to graphene’s oscillation process. While it’s challenging to quantify the neutrino effect compared to other energy fields and thermal motion, renowned scientists have scientifically confirmed this phenomenon, leading to the development of neutrinovoltaics.
The Potential and Impact of Neutrinovoltaics
Leading the transition away from traditional energy sources, the Neutrino Energy Group is creating a revolution in energy generation. Their outlook offers optimism in a world often plagued by uncertainty and doubt.
By tapping into the hidden energy of the universe’s smallest particles, we can end our reliance on limited and environmentally damaging energy sources. Neutrinovoltaics symbolizes not just an innovation in technology, but a philosophical shift towards a more sustainable and conscious lifestyle. Schubart and his team prove that nature’s possibilities are neither limited nor unattainable but rather are omnipresent, awaiting our discovery and utilization.
The story of the Neutrino Energy Group and its leader inspires us to overcome obstacles in our pursuit of progress. They demonstrate that our determination, knowledge, and creativity can lead us to innovative solutions to our present-day challenges. The journey of the Neutrino Energy Group is an inspiration to us all. Despite the daunting challenges we face, they remind us that we can effect positive change. They inspire us to realize our power to shape the future and create a better world. The story of Schubart and his team reveals the possibilities that arise when we push the boundaries of what is considered possible and harness the unseen.
Article written by Alexander Faulkner